1. The organization of cells types and connections of the neocortex. The neocortex is made up of different cells types. How do different cell types connect, and how do connectivity motifs enable specific activity patterns? We use in vivo calcium imaging and electrophysiology in awake mice to explore how ensembles of neurons in the neocortex correlate with behavior. In addition, we explore the roles of different cells types in the cortex through optogenetic and pharmacogenetic perturbations.